Bowel Cancer (Colorectal Cancer)

What is bowel cancer?

Bowel cancer, also known as colorectal cancer, refers to cancer that starts in the colon or rectum, which are parts of the digestive system. The colon and rectum are the final portions of the digestive tract, where the body absorbs water and nutrients from food before expelling the remaining waste as stool.

Colorectal cancer typically begins as small growths of tissue called polyps, which may be benign (non-cancerous) initially. Over time, some polyps can develop into cancer. Colorectal cancer is one of the most common types of cancer, but it is often treatable if detected early.

What are the symptoms of Bowel Cancer?

 Common symptoms of bowel cancer may include:

  1. Changes in bowel habits – Persistent diarrhoea or constipation, or a change in consistency of stool.

  2. Blood in stool – Rectal bleeding or blood in stool may occur.

  3. Abdominal discomfort – Cramps, gas, or pain in the abdomen.

  4. Unexplained weight loss – Significant and unintentional weight loss.

  5. Fatigue – Feeling tired or weak for no apparent reason.

It’s important to note that these symptoms can be caused by various conditions, and having these symptoms does not necessarily mean you have colorectal cancer. However, if you experience persistent or unusual symptoms, it is essential to consult with a healthcare professional for proper evaluation and diagnosis.

How is bowel cancer diagnosed?

Screening for colorectal cancer is crucial for early detection. Common screening methods include colonoscopy and stool tests. Regular screenings are recommended, especially individuals with risk factors or those aged over 50. Early detection and treatment can significantly improve chances of successful outcomes in colorectal cancer.

How is bowel cancer treated?

The treatment for bowel cancer varies based on several factors, including stage of cancer, its location and the overall health of the patient. Treatment typically involves a combination of surgery, chemotherapy and sometimes radiation therapy.

What is the follow up after treatment?

After treatment for bowel cancer, regular follow up appointments are typically scheduled to monitor your health, check for any signs of cancer recurrence and manage side effects of complications.

The specific follow-up plan may vary based on stage of cancer, the type of treatment received and individual factors. Follow up appointments are more frequent in the first few years after treatment and become may become less frequent as time passes, depending on your individual situation.

Common components of bowel cancer follow-up include:

  1. Medical history and physical exam.

  2. Blood tests – cancer markers

  3. Imaging studies – CT scans

  4. Regular colonoscopies